Working Principle of Vacuum Cleaner Motor

Overview

The vacuum cleaner motor is the heart of the vacuum cleaner. The main types of vacuum cleaner motors are: dry vacuum cleaner motor (THRU-FLOW), and wet and dry vacuum cleaner motor (BY-PASS). The vacuum cleaner motor is composed of two parts: the motor and the fan. Vacuum cleaner motor has a high requirement on the rotating speed, generally 20000-30000 revolve per minute. The motor mainly uses a series motor.

Classification

There are copper wire motors and aluminum wire motors.

Copper wire motor has the advantages of high temperature resistance, long life, long single operation time, etc., but it is more expensive than aluminum wire motors; Aluminum wire motor is cheap, but it has poor temperature resistance, low melting point, and short service life.

Working Principle

The fan of the vacuum cleaner motor mainly consists of the movable impeller and the fixed impeller. The movable impeller mainly generates wind. When the movable impeller rotates at a high speed of 20000-30000 revolutions per minute, negative pressure will be created to form a vacuum, thereby generating suction; the fixed impeller, also known as the air guide wheel, is mainly used to release the air generated by the moving impeller. The quality of the fixed impeller air duct directly affects the working of vacuum cleaner motor.

Scope of Application

Vacuum cleaner motors can not only be used in household dry vacuum cleaners, wet and dry vacuum cleaners, central vacuum cleaners, industrial vacuum cleaners and various types of sweepers. In fact, it can also be used in spray guns, hair dryer, balloon blowing machine and saws, and so on.

Common Failure 

High Rotating Speed of Vacuum Cleaner

High power supply voltage;

Disposition of the vacuum cleaner brush;

Connection error between coil and the commutator;

Partial short circuit of excitation winding, which causes weak magnetic field.

Vacuum Cleaner Motor Failure

The Vacuum Cleaner Motor can Rotate but not Vacuum

① The dust bag in the vacuum cleaner is full and the air path is blocked. You can solve the problem by removing the waste and sundries in the dust bag. ②The hose, suction nozzle, and dust bag interface are blocked . It is necessary to check whether the passages and micropores are blocked, and remove objects. ③The connection between hose, brush holder and extension pipe is not tight enough and there is air leakage. Check the connections and reconnect them. ④The sealing rubber ring is aging and invalid. Check sealing ring, and replace it if necessary.

The Whole Machine Does not Work after Power on

①Broke fuse, replace with a new one. ②Poor contact of power cord or loose motor lead. ③Broke power switch (Note: Some vacuum cleaners have two switches: one is on the shell and the other is on the handle of the hose). ④Broke motor, replace with a new one.

Leakage of the Vacuum Cleaner Shell

Motor insulation failure. Conduct insulation treatment after drying the motor, if it doesn’t work, replace the new motor.

Low Suction Power

① The rotating speed is too low. Check whether the motor is in good condition (whether the winding is short-circuited, whether the bearing is flexible, whether the fan blade is blocked), if it is damaged, replace it. ②The fan and the motor are not fixed well. ③The hose, suction nozzle, and dust bag are severely blocked. Eliminate objects to ensure smoothness. ④The housing is not tightly sealed. Replace with new sealing ring.